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Spec to Engineering Handoff

A spec is not a handoff. A handoff is the complete package an engineering team needs to begin building without coming back to the PM for clarification. Most handoffs fail not because the spec is wrong, but because it's incomplete. This skill turns a finished spec into a complete handoff package.

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Context

What engineers need that specs often don't include:
  • Acceptance criteria in testable form
  • Data schemas with exact field names, types, and constraints
  • Error handling requirements
  • Out-of-scope list
  • Open questions resolved
  • Design assets linked
  • Dependencies identified
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    Step 1 — Audit the spec for handoff readiness

    Checklist covering: Requirements (behaviour-based, bounded scope, testable acceptance criteria), Data (schemas, field types, sample data, API contracts), Design (all states designed), Errors and Edge Cases (error states, rate limits, boundary inputs), AI-Specific (prompt spec, eval test cases, guardrails, hallucination mitigation), Dependencies (upstream and downstream), and Open Questions (all resolved or with owner and deadline).

    Step 2 — Assemble the handoff package

    Nine sections: Summary (what we're building and NOT building, definition of done), Requirements (user stories + GIVEN/WHEN/THEN acceptance criteria), Data Contracts (input/output schemas, database changes, API contracts, sample data), Design Assets (linked, all states confirmed), Error Handling (per error case: condition, handling, user-facing message), AI-Specific Requirements (prompt spec, eval, hallucination mitigation, guardrails), Dependencies (upstream and downstream with owners), Open Questions, and Testing Requirements (PM-owned and engineering-owned).

    Step 3 — Write the kick-off meeting brief

    30-minute agenda: Scope confirmation (10 min, PM-led), Blockers and questions (10 min, engineering-led), Agreement (10 min, confirm start readiness and change management process).

    Step 4 — Define the change management process

    Minor change (clarification → inline update), Moderate change (new edge case → agree with engineering lead), Major change (new requirement → next sprint ticket). Spec freeze rules once engineering starts.

    Quality check before delivering

    Handoff readiness audit passed
    Out-of-scope list has at least 3 items
    All acceptance criteria are GIVEN/WHEN/THEN
    Sample data is provided for all data types
    All design states have finalized assets
    Open questions section is empty or has owners and deadlines
    Kick-off agenda is included
    Change management process is defined
    Suggested next step: Send the handoff package to the engineering lead 48 hours before the kick-off meeting — not in the meeting. The goal of the kick-off is to resolve questions, not to hear the spec for the first time.